When we think about emotions, we typically imagine them as uniquely human experiences. Yet across the animal kingdom, from the smallest mouse to the largest whale, creatures display complex emotional behaviors that challenge our understanding of what it means to feel. Recent surveys of animal behavior researchers show that an overwhelming majority ascribe emotions to ...
For decades, humans have cast lines into countless waters, pulled millions of fish from their aquatic homes, and consumed them without much thought about their capacity to suffer. Yet beneath the surface of this seemingly simple relationship lies one of modern science’s most contentious questions. The debate over fish pain perception has divided researchers, challenged ...
Picture an octopus at rest, skin turned soft and pale – then, in a heartbeat, it flashes storm clouds of color across its body, eyes darting beneath closed lids, arms giving a quick shiver as if chasing something only it can see. For decades, that flicker of drama was dismissed as random twitching. Now, a ...
