Articles for tag: Alternative Biochemistry, Life Without Oxygen, Science Fiction, Space Science, Theoretical Biology

Close-up of a gloved hand holding a bacteria culture in a petri dish for laboratory analysis.

What If Life Had Evolved to Breathe Something Other Than Oxygen?

Suhail Ahmed

We treat oxygen like the star of biology, but for most of Earth’s history it was barely a cameo. Long before forests greened the continents, microbes thrived by shuttling electrons into minerals, acids, and salts that would sound more at home in a chemistry set than a lung. Today, as we scan other worlds, a ...