How Noise Pollution Poses a Growing Threat to Ocean Ecosystems Across 300,000 km²

The ocean is far from silent, and the noise pollution caused by human activity is becoming a hidden menace beneath the waves. From seismic surveys blasting through the water to sonar systems disrupting marine communication, the sounds we can’t hear are having devastating effects on sea life. Creatures like narwhals and giant squids face injury, stress, and even death. As the noise grows louder, entire ecosystems are at risk. Can we stop this invisible threat before it’s too late?

The Growing Threat of Ocean Noise Pollution

Ocean noise pollution has been increasing rapidly over the past decades. This pollution comes from human activities like shipping, sonar systems, and underwater construction. It affects marine life in significant ways, from communication problems to even death.

How Ocean Noise Pollution Affects Animals

Marine animals rely heavily on sound to navigate and communicate. Excessive noise can mask these sounds, making it hard for them to find food or avoid predators. This can lead to stress, injury, and in some cases, even mortality.

Seismic Surveys: A Major Noise Culprit

Seismic surveys, used by the oil and gas industry, are among the most disruptive sources of ocean noise. These surveys involve loud air guns, which release sound every 10 seconds, raising noise levels dramatically. The noise can cover a range of 300,000 square kilometers and last for days.

Impacts on Narwhals and Giant Squid

Certain species, like narwhals and giant squid, are particularly vulnerable to noise pollution. Seismic surveys can cause internal injuries and even death. Narwhals, in particular, have been observed changing migration routes due to increased noise levels.

Impulsive Sound and Its Impact

Impulsive sounds are short, intense bursts often used in marine construction. These sounds can range from low to high frequencies and repeat every few seconds. Impulsive noises can cause stress and behavioral changes in marine life.

Sonar Systems: A Hidden Danger

Sonar systems, especially those used by the military, also contribute to ocean noise pollution. Low-frequency sonar can disrupt communication and echolocation in whales. This makes it harder for them to find food and navigate their environment.

Acoustic Deterrent Devices: A Double-Edged Sword

Acoustic deterrent devices, used to prevent bycatch or protect fish farms, are intended to help marine life. However, the high-frequency sounds they emit can cause pain and distress to their target species and others nearby. These devices, while helpful in some cases, can inadvertently harm marine animals.

The Role of Explosives in Noise Pollution

Explosives are another major source of ocean noise pollution, especially in underwater construction and military activities. Explosions can cause immediate harm, such as physical injuries, and long-term effects like hearing loss in marine animals. Controlled explosives are often used to demolish old structures like oil platforms.

Habitat Disruption and Migration Changes

Marine animals may lose their habitat due to excessive noise. Some species may leave their homes if the noise becomes unbearable, which affects their ability to hunt or reproduce. This disruption can lead to the collapse of entire ecosystems.

What Can We Do to Help?

There are ways to reduce ocean noise pollution. Limiting the use of seismic surveys, regulating sonar systems, and being mindful of underwater construction can make a big difference. Every action helps protect the ocean and its creatures from unnecessary harm.